The French and British colonial powers had their own plans on how to rule the Middle East after the costly campaigns of World War 1. National self determination for the different groups in Syria, Iraq, Palestine and Arabia were not part of these plans. And so in the summer of 1920 the situation in Iraq and Syria escalated and the French-Syrian War and the Iraqi Revolt broke out.
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» SOURCES Kadhim, Abbas. Reclaiming Iraq: the 1920 revolution and the founding of the modern state (U of Texas Press, 2012). Allawi, Ali. Faisal I of Iraq (Yale University Press, 2014). Fromkin, David. A Peace to End All Peace (Macmillan, 2009 [1989]). Naaman, Abdullah. Le Liban: histoire dune nation inachevée. Karsh, Efraim & Karsh, Inari, Empires of the Sand: The Struggle for Mastery in the Middle East 1789-1923, (Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press, 1999)
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